In humans, the sperm that swims faster leads to the pregnancy. What if the first winning sperm is identified and the same is used for fertilization? IVF and ICSI, the modern day’s fertility treatment procedures help in this area.

The single sperm that can move faster can now be extracted and can be used for fertilization. So, this is a boon for men, who actually product low-quality sperm or whose sperm count is low or nil.  If male infertility is the reason, why the couple does not get pregnant, then it is to be understood that with this treatment, it is easy to extract the sperm, which is of poor motility and very few in numbers. In cases, where the man cannot ejaculate due to vasectomy or injury, or due to the genetical problems, a few surgical methods can be used to retrieve the sperms.

TESA is the testicular sperm aspiration. In this method, a needle is attached to the syringe and the same is placed on the skin of the scrotum. Then through the needle, the fluid is sucked out and collected in the syringe.

PESA percutaneous is epididymal sperm aspiration. In this technique again the needle and syringe are used, but it is placed in the epididymis. This is the suitable technique in cases where the man cannot ejaculate.

There are also other testicular biopsy methods:

Perc Biopsy: this is the same technique as PESA, but a larger needle is used. This way much of semen fluid can be extracted.

MESA: This is microsurgical epididymal sperm aspiration. A large number of sperms are extracted with an open surgery.

When there are hardly any sperms produced in spite of the testicles and the tubes are devoid of any issues, invasive techniques are used to ensure that sperm extraction is possible.